Coffee stains because of tannins — polyphenolic compounds that bind to the pellicle layer on enamel. The dark color, warm temperature, and slight acidity all contribute.
The three most effective coffee-stain habits: rinse with water after a cup, use a straw for iced coffee, and pair a whitening toothpaste with periodic peroxide treatments. Milk in coffee reduces staining because casein binds some of the tannins.
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